Annotated Reference List
UNIT 3: Health of Canadians – Understanding Health and Determinants of Health
Alberta Health Services. (2022). albertahealthycommunities. What Determines Health?
https://albertahealthycommunities.healthiertogether.ca/about/what-determines-health/
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The main website for Alberta's Provincially Governed Health Care Provider. Resources on this website are related to providing information to Families, Patients, and Health Care providers on the myriad of services and programs available for Albertans. It also offers information on navigating the overall system and access to health care facts.
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Andermann, A. (2016). Taking action on the social determinants of health in clinical practice: A framework for health professionals. Cmaj,
188(17–18), E474–E483. https://doi.org/10.1503/cmaj.160177
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A journal article that identifies concrete actions clinicians can utilize to support the addressing of the social determinants of health as part of routine clinical practice.
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Bradley, K. L., Goetz, T., & Viswanathan, S. (2018). Toward a Contemporary Definition of Health. Military Medicine, 183(suppl_3), 204–
207. https://doi.org/10.1093/milmed/usy213
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This journal article emphasizes the concept of health in existence with disability and disease. Portrayal of how health becomes not a static state of being, but a dynamic quality of living.
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Brook, R. H. (2017). Should the Definition of Health Include a Measure of Tolerance? JAMA, 317(6), 585.
https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2016.14372
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Description of intentions with supporting arguments in expanding the WHO’s definition of health to include acceptance and tolerance on both population and individual level and the importance of communities and individuals living as unhealthy if hatred is pervasive or intolerant.
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Frost, B. G., Tirupati, S., Johnston, S., Turrell, M., Lewin, T. J., Sly, K. A., & Conrad, A. M. (2017). An Integrated Recovery-oriented Model
(IRM) for mental health services: evolution and challenges. BMC Psychiatry, 17(1), 22. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-016-1164-3
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A descriptive paper on the recovery oriented model of health and the challenges that exist in implementing a system wide approach to offering recovery oriented models of practice. A step by step process is outlined to support with overcoming the challenges, and providing awareness of models for achievement.
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Government of Canada. (n.d.). Social determinants of health and health inequalities. Retrieved February 9, 2022, from
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Canadian Federal website with detailed information on the social determinants of health and health inequalities and specific strategies Canada is engaged in to support the reduction of health inequalities in Canada.
Huber, M. (2011). Health: How should we define it? British Medical Journal, 343,(7817), 235-237. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.d4163
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A proposal to change the emphasis of the WHO’s definition of health to one that adapts and self manages disease and illness. A description and summary of the limitations of the WHO’s definition are also included within.
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NCCDH. (2013). Leadership for Health Equity: Alberta Health Services - Establishing a Province-Wide Social Determinants of Health and
Health Equity Approach. http://nccdh.ca/resources/entry/alberta-health-services
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An Alberta Health Services Report on process to establish a provincial wide approach to the inclusion of the social determinants of health in their care delivery models. Aspects from a policy and leadership level are identified within. Primarily, this article is addressed to an audience on the macro level.
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Preamble to the Constitution of the World Health Organization as adopted by the International Health Conference, New York, 19-22 June,
1946; signed on 22 July, 1946 by the representatives of 61 States (Official Records of the World Health Organization, no. 2, p. 100) and entered into force on 7 April, 1948.
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This is where the original definition of health was orated by the World Health Organization, and at the time, was somewhat innovative with the inclusion of the absence of disease within.
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Sanders, C., Burnett, K., Lam, S., Hassan, M., & Skinner, K. (2020). “You need ID to get ID”: A scoping review of personal identification as
a barrier to and facilitator of the social determinants of health in North America. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(12), 1–20. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17124227
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A specifically Canadian article, with research data obtained in Alberta, regarding the challenges of accessing health care without proper identification. Relation is made to personal identity documents being connected to the social determinants of health and poverty.
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Shilton, T., Sparks, M., McQueen, D., Lamarre, M.-C., & Jackson, S. (2011). Proposal for new definition of health. BMJ, 343(aug23 4),
d5359–d5359. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.d5359
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This journal article provides an alternative definition of health, and challenges the original definition of health made by the World Health Organization. It provides context to the development of policy, legislation, and system approaches in the overall health of citizens and contrasts same with the outdated WHO’s definition.
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Stucki, G., Rubinelli, S., & Bickenbach, J. (2020). We need an operationalisation, not a definition of health. Disability and Rehabilitation,
42(3), 442–444. https://doi.org/10.1080/09638288.2018.1503730
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Emphasizes the importance of functioning disability with the definition of health, and encourages the need to describe, measure, and compare states of health in order to obtain a definition operational for everyone.
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The Health Foundation. (2017). health.org.uk. Infographic: What Makes Us Healthy?
https://www.health.org.uk/infographic/infographic-what-makes-us-healthy
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An infographic on the importance of the social determinants of health and how each determinant contributes towards the definition of health.